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Bullying in academia is workplace bullying of scholars and staff in academia, especially places of higher education such as colleges and universities. It is believed to be common, although has not received as much attention from researchers as bullying in some other contexts.〔Keashly L & Neuman, J.H. (Faculty Experiences with Bullying in Higher Education Causes, Consequences, and Management - Administrative Theory & Praxis Volume 32, Number 1 March 2010 )〕 Regarding bullying of students in higher education, see Bullying in higher education. ==Workplace bullying == Bullying is the longstanding violence, physical or psychological, conducted by an individual or group and directed against an individual who is not able to defend himself in the actual situation, with a conscious desire to hurt, threaten, or frighten that individual or put him under stress.〔 (Summaries (at Eric ), (at Questia ), (at Jstor ))〕 Workplace bullying ranges into the following categories. * Threat to professional status, such as, public professional humiliation, accusation of lack of effort and belittling. * Threat to social status, such as, teasing and name calling. * Isolation, such as, withholding information and preventing access to opportunities, such as training workshops, attendance and deadlines. * Overwork, such as, setting impossible deadlines and making unnecessary disruptions *Destabilization, for example, setting meaningless tasks, not giving credit where credit is due, removal from positions of authority. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Workplace bullying in academia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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